Many of the host computers on the Internet offer services to other computers on the
Internet. For example, your ISP probably has a host computer that handles your incoming
and outgoing mail. Computers that provide services for other computers to use are called
servers. The software run by server computers to provide services is called server software.
Conversely, many of the computers on the Internet use servers to get information.
For example, when your computer dials into an Internet account, your e-mail program
downloads your incoming messages from your ISP’s mail server. Programs that ask
servers for services are called clients. Your e-mail program is more properly called an
e-mail client.
Here are some types of servers and clients that you may encounter:
1) Mail servers handle incoming and outgoing e-mail. Specifically, Post Office Protocol
(POP or POP3) and IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) servers store incoming
e-mail, whereas Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) servers relay outgoing e-mail.
Mail clients get incoming messages from, and send outgoing messages to, a mail
server, and enable you to read, write, save, and print messages.
2) Web servers store web pages and transmit them in response to requests from
web clients, which are usually called browsers.
3) FTP servers store files that you can transfer to or from your computer if you have
an FTP client.
4) News servers store Usenet newsgroup articles that you can read and send if you
have a news client or newsreader.
5) IRC servers act as a switchboard for Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channels. To
participate, you use an IRC client.
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