Each host computer on the Internet has a unique number, called its IP address. IP
addresses are in the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number from 0 to 255.
IP addresses identify the host computers, so that packets of information reach the correct
computer. You may have to type IP addresses when you configure your computer for
connection to the Internet.
If you connect to the Internet by using a dial-up account, your Internet service
provider (ISP) assigns your computer an IP address each time that you connect. This
system enables your ISP to get along with fewer IP addresses, because it needs only
enough IP addresses for the number of users who are connected simultaneously. If you use
a high-speed DSL or cable Internet account, you may have a static (unchanging) IP address.
Computers on a local area network (LAN) usually have IP addresses that are reserved
for use on LANs rather than on the Internet itself. These addresses are usually in the
range 192.168.x.x or 169.254.x.x. A server on the LAN usually assigns them: the most
common IP assignment server is called DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).
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